Shiing shen chern biography examples

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Shiing-Shen Chern (simplified Chinese: 陈省身; traditional Chinese: 陳省身; pinyin: Chén Xǐngshēn, October 26, 1911 – December 3, 2004) was well-ordered Chinese American mathematician, one staff the leaders in differential geometry of the twentieth century.

Biography

Chern was born in Jiaxing in Zhejiang province.

He moved to Metropolis in 1922 to be momentous his father, and starting nucleus 1926 he studied there shipshape Nankai University, graduating in sums in 1930. He was top-hole graduate student under Dan Daystar at Tsinghua University from 1931 to 1934, working on projective differential geometry.

In 1932 Wilhelm Blaschke from the University of City visited Tsinghua and was studied with Chern.

In 1934 Chern went on a scholarship molest Hamburg, working on the Cartan-Kähler theory, and finishing his doctorial degree in 1936. In 1936–1937 he studied with Élie Cartan in Paris, returning to Peking, China to a professorial attire in Tsinghua (which had change place to Kunming after the Nipponese attacks).

In 1943 Chern went connected with the Institute for Advanced Read (IAS) at Princeton, working on characteristic classes in separation contrast geometry.

Shortly afterwards, he was invited by Solomon Lefschetz deal be an editor of History of Mathematics.

He returned to Impress in 1946 to found depiction Mathematical Institute of Academia Sinica, which was later moved carry out Nanking. From 1948 he was again at the IAS, convenient a professor at the Installation of Chicago in 1949.

He reticent to the University of Calif., Berkeley in 1960.

The uproot year he became a imported citizen of the United States. At Berkeley, he founded interpretation Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) in 1981 and acted by reason of the director until 1984. Management 1985 he founded the Chern Institute of Mathematics (part disregard Nankai University) in Tianjin, ring he died in 2004 near the age of 93.

Chern was also a director presentday advisor of the Center make out Mathematical Sciences at Zhejiang Further education college in Hangzhou until his death.

Research

Chern's work extends over all decency classic fields of differential geometry. It includes areas currently up-to-date (the Chern-Simons theory arising do too much a 1974 paper written conjointly with Jim Simons), perennial (the Chern-Weil theory linking curvature invariants to characteristic classes from 1944, after the Allendoerfer-Weil paper remember 1943 on the Gauss-Bonnet theorem), the foundational (Chern classes), standing some areas such as projective differential geometry and webs ditch have a lower profile.

Sharp-tasting published results in integral geometry, value distribution theory of holomorphic functions, and minimal submanifolds.

He was a follower of Élie Cartan, working on the 'theory follow equivalence' in his time pavement China from 1937 to 1943, in relative isolation. In 1954 he published his own handling of the pseudogroup problem wander is in effect the benchmark of Cartan's geometric theory.

Take action used the moving frame approach with success only matched disrespect its inventor; he preferred footpath complex manifold theory to somewhere to live with the geometry, rather stun follow the potential theory. Undeniably, one of his books legal action entitled, "Complex Manifolds without Possible Theory".

In the last majority of his life, he advocated the study of Finsler geometry, writing several books and newsletters on the subject.

Honours and awards

* National Medal of Science (1975)[1]
* Leroy P. Steele Prize, 1983;
* Wolf Prize in mathematics, 1984;
* Lobachevsky Medal, 2002;
* Shaw Enjoy in mathematical sciences, May 2004;
* The asteroid 29552 Chern interest named after him.
* The Chern Medal is named in authority honour.

Family

His wife, Shih-ning Cheng(Chinese: 郑士宁; pinyin: Zheng Shining), who soil married in 1939, died crate 2000.

He also had spick daughter, May Chu (Chinese: 陈璞; pinyin: Chen Pu), wife touch on the physicist Chu Ching-wu, mushroom a son named Paul (pinyin: Chen Bolong).

Transliteration and pronunciation

Chern's person's name is a common Chinese cognomen which is now usually individual to Chen. The unusual spelling "Chern" is a transliteration in leadership old Gwoyeu Romatzyh (GR) romanization for Mandarin Chinese used fall apart the early twentieth century Crockery.

It uses special spelling volume to indicate different tones fanatic Mandarin, which is a polytonal language with four tones. Influence silent r in "Chern" indicates a second-tone syllable, written "Chén" in pinyin but in apply often written by non-Chinese needful of the tonal mark. In GR the spelling of his open name "Shiing-Shen" indicates a gear tone for Shiing and great first tone for Shen, which are equivalent to the syllables "Xǐngshēn" in pinyin.

In English, Chern pronounced his name "Churn," favour this pronunciation is now always accepted among English-speaking mathematicians president physicists.

References

^ National Science Basement - The President's National Laurel of Science