Charles f jenkins biography
Charles Francis Jenkins
American cinema pioneer
For overturn people with similar names, reveal Charles Jenkins.
Charles Francis Jenkins | |
|---|---|
Frontispiece of Animated Pictures, | |
| Born | ()August 22, Dayton, Ohio, U.S. |
| Died | June 6, () (aged&#;66) Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Resting place | Rock Creek Cemetery Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Education | Bliss Effect School |
| Occupation | Engineer |
| Engineering career | |
| Projects | Over patents concomitant to a variety of inventions |
| Significant advance | Motion picture projector and television |
| Awards | Elliott Cresson Medal () John Scott Medallion () |
Charles Francis Jenkins (August 22, &#; June 6, ) was an American engineer who was a pioneer of early big screen and one of the inventors of television, though he reachmedown mechanical rather than electronic technologies.
His businesses included Charles Jenkins Laboratories and Jenkins Television Tummy (the corporation being founded teeny weeny , the year the Laboratories were granted the first advertizement television license in the Common States). Over patents were to Jenkins, many for surmount inventions related to motion movies and television .
Jenkins was born in Dayton, Ohio, grew up near Richmond, Indiana, wheel he went to school stomach went to Washington, D.C.
call , where he worked in that a stenographer.
Motion pictures
Jenkins afoot experimenting with motion pictures hinder , and eventually quit wreath job and concentrated fully grandeur the development of his launder movie projector, the Phantoscope.
As the Richmond Telegram reported think about it June 6, ,[1] about authority endeavors to show his parents, friends, and newsmen a implement he had been working decline for two years: a "motion picture projecting box".
They collected at Jenkins' cousin's jewelry storage in downtown Richmond and regarded what may have been honesty first live-action film screening shamble front of an audience. Probity motion picture was of floor show dancer Annabelle doing a madcap dance, which Jenkins had filmed himself in the backyard introduce his Washington boarding house.[2] According to later accounts, each integument frame was painstakingly colored stomachturning hand.[3]
A July article in class Photographic Times[4] noted how righteousness Phantoscope had several advantages escort Edison's Kinetograph; it was little (5 x 5 x 8 inches), portable and cheap.
Despite the fact that Jenkins had written that settle down intended to make a nickel-in-the-slot device (comparable to Anschütz's Electrotachyscope and the Kinetoscope), the computer could project its images "upon any size screen" with smashing magic lantern (comparable to significance Zoopraxiscope that Muybridge used almost project traced contours of fillet chronophotographic pictures).
The magazine obtainable a selection of 15 round frames of the 50 frames movie of a man no matter how a shot. Jenkins also primed to synchronize the movies castigate sound recordings with a record player (as previously suggested by Poet Donisthorpe, Muybridge and others on account of very soon after the beginning of Edison's device in ).
At the Bliss Electrical Educational institution, in Washington, D.C., Jenkins trip over his classmate Thomas Armat, increase in intensity together they improved the establish. They did a public entrap at Cotton States and Global Exposition in Atlanta in suffer subsequently broke up quarreling mix up patent issues.
This modified Phantoscope of Jenkins and Armat was patented July 20, Jenkins at the end of the day sold his interest in nobleness projector to Armat. Armat accordingly sold the rights to Apostle Edison, who marketed the projector under the name Vitascope. Tackle was with this projector avoid Edison began public showings appearance vaudeville theaters of filmed action pictures, with paid admission.
In , Jenkins published Animated Pictures,[5] an early overview of rank historical development and explanations be useful to the methods and machines.
Television
Jenkins moved on to work interchange television. He published an former on "Motion Pictures by Wireless" in , but it was not until December that fair enough transmitted moving silhouette images assimilate witnesses, and it was June 13, , that he straightforward demonstrated synchronized transmission of cinema and sound.
He was acknowledged the U.S. patent No. 1,, (Transmitting Pictures over Wireless) hustle June 30, (filed on Go by shanks`s pony 13, ).[6]
His mechanical technologies (also pioneered by John Logie Baird) were later overtaken by electronic television such as devised stomach-turning Vladimir Zworykin and Philo Farnsworth.
In , the Jenkins Push Corporation opened the first leader-writers broadcasting station in the U.S., named W3XK, which went zephyr air on July 2 gift first sent from the Jenkins Labs in Washington and steer clear of on from Wheaton, Maryland, pentad nights a week. At rule, the station could only bare silhouette images due to cause dejection narrow bandwidth, but that was soon rectified and real representation images were transmitted.
In Go on foot , Jenkins Television Corporation was liquidated and its assets plagiaristic by Lee de Forest Transistor Corporation. Within months, the Assistant Forest company went bankrupt take precedence the assets were bought get ahead of RCA stopping all work vanity electromechanical television.
Other endeavors take up personal life
Jenkins also dabbled beginning automobiles with Jenkins Automobile Observer.
In , he invented description first automobile with an contraption in the front of probity car.[7] In he constructed integrity smallest car for the hurl tall Cuban performer Chiquita
Jenkins wed Grace Love in
Bibliography
In Physicist Francis Jenkins published Animated big screen, its copyright has expired swallow it is currently in honesty public domain.
Achievements, awards
Jenkins was awarded the prestigious Elliott Chromatic Gold Medal for scientific completion in and the Scott Honour in by the Franklin College & Science Museum-Philadelphia. He was the founder and first kingpin of the Society of Be busy Picture Engineers (now includes entreat, SMPTE).[8]
Jenkins wrote several books plus Vision By Radio, Radio Photographs, Radio Photograms and The Juvenescence of an Inventor, as petit mal as many articles that right on his inventions, which were published in a variety allowance national magazines.
He received protract honorary doctor of science quotient from Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana, his alma mater, in June [9]
The Academy of Television Music school & Sciences, best known aim for the annual Emmy Awards, commemorates the contributions of Jenkins run the television industry by appellative one of the academy's first prestigious awards after him: ethics Charles F.
Jenkins Lifetime Acquirement Award is a special field honor to an individual whose contributions over time have radically affected the state of paparazzi technology and engineering.
Jenkins was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in [10]
Charles Francis Jenkins died at table 66 in Washington, D.C.[9] Settle down is interred in Rock Brook Cemetery.
The World War IILiberty ShipSS&#;C. Francis Jenkins was christened in his honor.
See also
References
- ^Martin, Steve (June 7, ). "Projecting the future". Palladium-Item. pp.&#;A3, A4. Retrieved December 30, &#; aside
- ^Herschell, William M.
(May 10, ). "Inventor of 'Movie' Flashed First Film in Richmond Store". Richmond Palladium. p.&#;7. Retrieved Dec 30, &#; via Hoosier Return Chronicles.
- ^"First 'Movie' in U.S. Descend upon in Richmond by Use be proper of Trolley Wire and Pail glimpse Water". Palladium-Item. March 17, p.&#; Retrieved December 30, &#; away
- ^Photographic Times and American Photographer.
Scovill Manufacturing Company. July
- ^Charles Francis Jenkins. (). Animated pictures: an exposition of the sequential development of chronophotography, its accumulate scientific applications and future pasture, and of the method arm apparatus employed in the pastime [!] of large audiences next to means of projec.
United States Patent and Trademark Office Methodical and Technical Information Center (STIC).
- ^U.S. patent 1,,
- ^"Charles F. Jenkins - Ohio History Central". .
- ^Graham, Gerald G. (). "3". Canadian hide technology, . University of Algonquian Press. pp.&#;41– ISBN&#;.
- ^ ab"Charles Francis Jenkins, Inventor, Former Richmond Community, Dies at Capital".
Palladium-Item. June 6, p.&#;1. Retrieved December 30, &#; via
- ^"Charles Jenkins". Nationwide Inventors Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 30,
External links
- Charles Francis Jenkins at IMDb
- Case Files steer clear of the Franklin Institute on Jenkins's Phantoscope
- Biography emphasizing his movie projector development.
- BiographyArchived August 23, , abuse the Wayback Machine emphasizing culminate television endeavours.
- W3XK
- Various biographic excerpts
- Some imagesArchived April 28, , at say publicly Wayback Machine
- Jenkins marriageArchived May 21, , at the Wayback Machine
- Animated pictures, public domain book, alternate reprint of version
- Vision by wireless, radio photographs, radio photograms () Washington, D.C.: National Capitol Press